The present invention relates to determining the carrier status of Annexin A5 M2 haplotype of parents (both male and female) prior to and/or after pregnancy to minimize the risk of pregnancy complications, including, but not limited to, recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), infertility, miscarriage, in vitro fertilization (IVF) failure, IUI failure, implantation failure, foetal growth restriction (FGR), small for gestational age (SGA) newborn, intra-uterine foetal death (IUFD), gestational hypertension (GH), pre-eclampsia (PE) and/or venous thromboembolism (VTE). Once M2 carrier status is determined, methods of intervention, including administration of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) and/or other anti-coagulants can be administered either prior to and/or after pregnancy. Methods of detecting the carrier status as well as method of diagnosing and or predicting prognosis based on the M2 carrier status of a patient and/or couple is also contemplated.
