PURPOSE: A method for treating and/or diagnosing cancer using bacteria-derived micro vesicles is provided to enhance anti-cancer efficiency and to reduce side effect to a therapeutic agent.CONSTITUTION: A pharmaceutical composition for treating or diagnosing cancer contains bacteria-derived microvesicles. The bacteria express a material for treating or diagnosing cancer and a material for targeting cancer cells or tissues. The composition additionally contains a drug for inhibiting toxicity by the micro vesicles. The drug is loaded to the micro vesicles. The drug is polymyxin B or aspirin. The membrane of the micro vesicle is modified chemically. A method for preparing the microvesicle comprises: a step of adding the drug to suspension containing the bacteria or transformed bacteria or mixture suspension containing the bacteria or transformed bacteria and drug and a step of isolating loaded micro vesicles.COPYRIGHT KIPO 2012본 발명은 세균유래 마이크로베시클을 이용하여 암을 치료 및/또는 진단하는 방법에 관한 것이다. 또한 본 발명은 세균유래 마이크로베시클을 이용하여 암을 치료함에 있어 항암치료효능을 증가시키고, 치료약물의 부작용을 감소시키는 방법을 제공한다. 이에 더하여, 본 발명은 세균유래 마이크로베시클에 질병 치료용 또는 진단용 약물을 로딩하여 표적 세포 또는 조직에 전달하는 방법 등을 제공한다.