A bone marrow access apparatus includes a bone penetrating member having an internal channel having an opening at a proximal end and an opening at a distal end. A valve cap is engaged with the bone penetrating member, the valve cap defining an interior cavity in which part of the bone penetrating member is situated. The valve cap includes a valve having an opening having an open state in which the channel is not obstructed and a closed state to prevent flow of a material through the channel. The valve is repeatedly switchable between the open and closed states. The bone penetrating member has an upper surface and a seat which is below the upper surface, the seat being located at an interior of the bone penetrating member, and the seat being engageable with an installation or removal instrument.
