A neuromodulation catheter includes an elongate shaft and a neuromodulation element operably connected to the shaft. The neuromodulation element includes an elongate support member and a plurality of bow springs operably connected to the support member. The individual bow springs are configured to independently expand radially outward from the support member when the neuromodulation element transitions from a low-profile delivery state to a deployed state at a treatment location within a body lumen. The individual bow springs include a distal leg and a proximal leg and carry an electrode and/or a transducer between their respective distal and proximal legs. The distal and proximal legs of the plurality of bow springs are longitudinally interdigitated. The plurality of bow springs is configured to urge the electrodes and/or the transducers into contact with an inner surface of a wall of the body lumen at a series of contact regions.
