PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a surface modification method for a vulcanized rubber or a thermoplastic elastomer, which can impart various functions such as sliding properties and biocompatibility depending on applications.SOLUTION: This surface modification method targets a vulcanized rubber or a thermoplastic elastomer as an object to be modified, and includes: a process 1 of forming polymerization initiation points on a surface of the object to be modified a process 2 of radical-polymerizing monomers using the polymerization initiation points as starting points to grow polymer chains on the surface of the object to be modified and a process 3 of functionalizing the polymer chains.COPYRIGHT: (C)2013,JPO&INPIT【課題】用途に応じて、摺動性、生体適合性などの様々な機能性を付与できる加硫ゴム又は熱可塑性エラストマーの表面改質方法を提供する。【解決手段】加硫ゴム又は熱可塑性エラストマーを改質対象物とする表面改質方法であって、前記改質対象物の表面に重合開始点を形成する工程1と、前記重合開始点を起点にして、モノマーをラジカル重合させ、前記改質対象物の表面にポリマー鎖を成長させる工程2と、前記ポリマー鎖を機能化処理する工程3とを含む表面改質方法に関する。【選択図】なし