The present invention therefore relates in particular to an aqueous cosmetic composition comprising one or more fatty substances in a content ranging from 40% to 80% by weight relative to the total weight of the cosmetic composition one or more oxyethylenated fatty alcohols having a number of oxyethylenes less than or equal to 10 one or more alkylpolyglucoside type surfactants the present invention also relates to using the cosmetic composition in an oxidative colouring or bleaching method for keratin fibres particularly human keratin fibres such as hair.