The present invention relates to a three-dimensional (3D) tissue-like implant for transplanting to a subject in need comprising a cell cluster comprising mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and specific cells differentiated therefrom. The present invention also relate to a method of preparing a 3D-tissue-like implant from MSCs, particularly by seeding MSCs in alginate scaffolds and culturing the alginate scaffolds with MSCs in a3D perfusion condition. Further, the present invention provides a method for treating a defect in a recipient patient in need by administering a 3D tissue-like implant as described herein to the patient at a defective site e.g. a bone defective site.本發明涉及一種用於移植至有需要的個體之三維(3D)類組織移植體，包含細胞叢，該細胞叢包含間質幹細胞(mesenchymal stem cells，MSCs)以及由其分化的特異性細胞。本發明還涉及從間質幹細胞(MSCs)製備三維(3D)類組織移植體之方法，具體而言是透過在藻酸鹽支架中接種間質幹細胞(MSCs)以及在三維(3D)灌注條件下培養具有間質幹細胞(MSCs)的該藻酸鹽支架。此外，本發明提供一種在有需要的受體患者中治療缺陷之方法，其透過施用如本文所述之三維(3D)類組織移植體至該患者的缺陷部位，例如，骨缺陷部位。
