A compound of the formula (I): wherein: x and y are each independently 1； W is -C (O) N (R1) -； -C (O) N [C (O) R1a] -, -N (R1) C (O) N (R1) - or -N (R1) C (O) -； V is -C (O) -, -C (S) -, or -C (R10) H； each R1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen； C1-C6 alkyl substituted or unsubstituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halo, methyl or trifluoromethyl； and C2-C6 alkyl substituted or unsubstituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of methoxy and hydroxy； R1a is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl and C3-C15 cycloalkyl； R2 is selected from the group consisting of C1-C12 alkyl, C2-C12 alkenyl, C2-C12 hydroxyalkyl, C2-C12 hydroxyalkenyl, C1-C12 alkoxy, C2-C12 alkoxyalkyl, C3-C12 cycloalkyl, C4-C12 cycloalkylalkyl, C6 aryl -C19, C7-C12 aralkyl, C3-C12 heterocyclyl, C3-C12 heterocyclylalkyl, C1-C12 heteroaryl, and C3-C12 heteroarylalkyl； or R2 is a multi-ring structure having 2 to 4 rings wherein the rings are independently selected from the group consisting of C3-C12 cycloalkyl, C3-C12 heterocyclyl, C6-C19 aryl and C1-C12 heteroaryl and where some or all of the rings can be fused together； R3 is selected from the group consisting of C1-C12 alkyl, C2-C12 alkenyl, C2-C12 hydroxyalkyl, C2-C12 hydroxyalkenyl, C1-C12 alkoxy, C2-C12 alkoxyalkyl, C3-C12 cycloalkyl, C4-C12 cycloalkylalkyl, C6 aryl -C19, C7-C12 aralkyl, C3-C12 heterocyclyl, C3-C12 heterocyclylalkyl, C1-C12 heteroaryl and C3-C12 heteroarylalkyl； or R3 is a multi-ring structure having 2 to 4 rings wherein the rings are independently selected from the group consisting of C3-C12 cycloalkyl, C3-C12 heterocyclyl, C6-C19 aryl and C1-C12 heteroaryl and where some or all of the rings can be fused together； R4 and R5 are each independently selected from hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, methyl, methoxy, trifluoromethyl, cyano, nitro or -N (R12) 2； R6, R6a, R7, R7a, R8, R8a, R9, and R9a are each independently selected from hy
