The present invention relates to a composition for promoting bacterialproliferation for selectively proliferating Lactobacillus casei subsp. casei,comprising adextran.According to the present invention, a variety of biological activitiesoriginated from L. casei subsp. casei can be sustained in a living body byselectivelygrowing-proliferating and colonizing L. casei subsp. casei in the intestine ofa humanbeing, animal, or the like or by selectively growing-proliferating L. caseisubsp. caseiin the intestine, without supplying L. casei subsp. casei at all times.