Disclosed is a method of managing timberland to increase the amount of crop produced in a designated area of timberland over a designated period of time in comparison to the amount of crop produced in the designated area by standard timberland management techniques, comprising: (a) planting a first tree crop in first and second rows each having tree spacing between adjacent trees and a first row spacing between the first and second rows； (b) planting a first planting of a first energy crop in the first row spacing, wherein the first row spacing is selected to provide adequate spacing between adjacent rows and is between about 5 and about 25 feet； (c) planting a second tree crop in a third row having tree spacing between adjacent trees and a second row spacing between the second and third rows, wherein the second row spacing is different from the first row spacing； (d) planting a first planting of a second energy crop in the second row spacing, wherein the first and second energy crops are regenerating lignocellulosic energy crops, wherein the second row spacing is selected to provide adequate spacing between the adjacent rows and is selected from the group consisting of range of about 30 feet to about 40 feet and at least about 40 feet； and (e) periodically harvesting the first plantings of the first and second energy crops for a predetermined number of harvests and harvesting at least a portion of at least one of the first and second tree crops such that the final amount of the first and second tree crops will be maximized.
