In accordance with an aspect of the invention, an anchor device (41) is provided. The anchor device comprises a pedicle anchor device body with a head portion, a shaft portion and a longitudinal bore that extends from a proximal end of the anchor device body and has a hole or a plurality of holes from the longitudinal bore outward, for example radially outward. Further, the anchor device comprises a liquefiable element that is insertable or inserted in the longitudinal bore and at least partly liquefiable by the impact of energy impinging from the proximal side so that liquefied material (22) flows through the holes in the wall and out of the longitudinal bore into structures of the hard tissue and/or hard tissue replacement material. Thereby, after solidification of the liquefiable (preferably thermoplastic) material, an anchoring of the positive-fit connection kind is achieved in the hard tissue/hard tissue replacement material.
