In accordance with some embodiments herein, methods and compositions for prevention and treatment of inflammatory conditions are provided. In some embodiments, compositions comprising NKT-2 activators, for example miltefosine are provided. In some embodiments, the compositions further comprise sulfatide and/or a RAR agonist. In some embodiments, the compositions comprise activators of Type II NKT cells, and/or inhibitors of Type I NKT cells.根據本文之一些實施例,提供用於預防與治療發炎病症之方法及組合物。在一些實施例中,提供包含例如米替福新(miltefosine)之NKT-2活化劑的組合物。在一些實施例中,組合物進一步包含髓硫脂(sulfatide)及/或RAR促效劑。在一些實施例中,組合物包含II型NKT細胞之活化劑及/或I型NKT細胞之抑制劑。