PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an X-ray phase difference imaging apparatus capable of easily imaging an object using X rays with a plurality of energies.SOLUTION: A radiant-ray phase difference imaging apparatus according to the present invention, includes an X-ray source 3 of dual energy output type, and an FPD (Flat Panel Detector) 4 including a high-energy X-ray detection surface 4b, and a low-energy X-ray detection surface 4a, and is configured to perform two types of imaging of imaging by the high-energy X-ray and imaging by the low-energy X-ray. The imaging apparatus can complete the two types of imaging at one time by imaging a subject, while scanning the subject and changing positions of an imaging system relative to the subject.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1