An oral optical diagnosing apparatus and operating method are disclosed. The oral optical diagnosing apparatus includes a positioning module, an optical sensing module, a processing module, and a display module. After the positioning module selects a region to be diagnosed in a mouth, the optical sensing module will perform optical sensing on the region to be diagnosed to obtain optical information related to the region to be diagnosed. The processing module is used to analyze the optical information to generate an optical diagnosed result. The display module is used to display the optical diagnosed result.本發明揭露一種口腔光學診斷裝置及其運作方法。口腔光學診斷裝置包含定位模組、光學感測模組、處理模組及顯示模組。當定位模組於口腔內選定待測區域後,光學感測模組對待測區域進行光學感測,以得到關於待測區域之光訊息資料。處理模組係用以分析處理光訊息資料,以產生光學診斷結果。顯示模組係用以顯示光學診斷結果。1...口腔光學診斷裝置10...定位模組12...光學感測模組14...處理模組16...顯示模組