The present invention relates generally to compositions and methods using artificial small RNAs, such as small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs) and their hairpin precursors (pre-miRNAs) as tumor suppressor anticancer agents. And cancer, in particular all three tissues including skin cancer (melanoma), blood cancer (leukemia), prostate cancer, breast cancer, liver cancer and lung cancer, and various neoplastic tumors such as ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm. It can be used in the treatment of brain tumors and teratomas, including but not limited to various tumor cells and cancer cells derived from two germ layers. More specifically, the present invention relates to miR-302s siRNA (siR-302) and / or miR-302 precursor (pre-) for developing novel drugs and therapies for a wide variety of human cancers, in particular lung cancer. The use of miR-302).本発明は、概して人工低分子RNA、例えば低分子干渉RNA(siRNA)、microRNA(miRNA)及びそのヘアピン型前駆体(pre-miRNA)を腫瘍抑制抗癌薬として用いる組成物及び方法に関し、ヒト腫瘍及び癌、特に皮膚癌(黒色腫)、血液癌(白血病)、前立腺癌、乳癌、肝癌及び肺癌、並びに各種の新生物性腫瘍、例えば外胚葉、中胚葉及び内胚葉を含む組織の全ての三つの胚葉に由来する多種の腫瘍細胞及び癌細胞を含む脳腫瘍及び奇形腫の治療に用いられるが、それらに限定されるものではない。より具体的には、本発明は、多種にわたるヒトの癌、特に肺癌に対する新規な薬物及び療法を開発するためのmiR-302類siRNA(siR-302)及び/又はmiR-302前駆体(pre-miR-302)の用途に関する。