PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an endoscope system that supports re-diagnosis, etc. by, in addition to a first still picture used for re-diagnosis, etc., automatically acquiring a second still picture or a moving image related to the first still picture, and to provide an operation method of the endoscope system, a processor device, and an operation method of the processor device.SOLUTION: An endoscope system 10 includes: a picture signal acquisition processing part 61 and a picture generation part 62 for acquiring a first still picture and a moving picture or a second still picture before and after the acquisition of the first still picture based on a picture signal acquired by imaging an observation object with an image sensor 48； an association part for associating the first still picture with the moving picture, or associating the first still picture with the second still picture； and a storage part 67 for storing the first still picture and the moving picture associated with each other, or the first still picture and the second still picture associated with each other.【課題】再診断等に使用する第１静止画に加え、この第１静止画に関連する第２静止画または動画を自動的に取得して再診断等を支援する内視鏡システム、内視鏡システムの作動方法、プロセッサ装置、プロセッサ装置の作動方法を提供する。【解決手段】内視鏡システム１０は、観察対象をイメージセンサ４８によって撮像して得た画像信号に基づいて、第１静止画と、第１静止画の取得前後の動画または第２静止画を取得する画像信号取得処理部６１及び画像生成部６２と、第１静止画と動画とを関連付け、または、第１静止画と第２静止画を関連付ける関連付け部と、互いに関連付けられた第１静止画及び動画、または互いに関連付けられた第１静止画及び第２静止画を記憶する記憶部６７と、を備える。【選択図】図２
