Composition (A) comprises: (a) at least one cationic surfactant having ammonium salt structure (I)； (b) at least one oxidizing agent； and (c) at least one dye comprising oxidation dye precursors, direct dyes, and/or at least one alkaline agent. Composition (A) comprises: (a) at least one cationic surfactant having ammonium salt structure of formula (R3-CH 2-N +>；(-R2)(-R1)-CH 2-CH(OH)-[-CH(OH)-] n-CH 2-OH)(X ->；)) (I)； (b) at least one oxidizing agent； and (c) at least one dye comprising oxidation dye precursors, direct dyes, and/or at least one alkaline agent. R1 : H, linear 1-6C or branched 3-6C alkyl, optionally carrying at least one hydroxyl group, or alkoxy group, where alkyl moiety is 1-4C alkyl； R2 : linear 1-6C or branched 3-6C alkyl group (optionally carrying at least one OH, or alkoxy, where the alkyl is 1-4C alkyl), -CH 2-CH(OH)-[CH(OH)] n1-H； n1 : 1-4； R3 : 8-32C hydrocarbon group (optionally saturated and comprising one or more (non)conjugated unsaturations, optionally carrying at least one OH), or -CH(OH)-(CH 2-O) p-R3a； R3a : 8-32C hydrocarbon (saturated and comprising one or more (non)conjugated unsaturations optionally carrying at least one OH； n : 1-3； p : 0-2； and X ->；counter ion. An independent claim is included for multi-compartment device comprising: a first compartment containing a composition comprising at least one dye comprising oxidation dye precursors, and/or direct dyes, and/or at least one alkaline agent； and a second compartment containing a composition comprising one or more oxidizing agents, at least one of two compositions comprising at least one cationic surfactant (I), dyes, alkaline agent, oxidizing agents, or cationic surfactant (I).L'invention a pour objet une composition : (a) au moins un tensioactif cationique de formule suivante (I) : avec R représente un alkyle en C -C , éventuellement porteur d'au moins un groupement hydroxyle, alcoxy ； R représente un radical alkyle en C -C éventuellement porteur d'au moins un grou
