An all-optical modulator(1) includes a directional coupling unit(11) that multiplexes, on a carrier light beam, a signal light beam of a modulation signal that a carrier signal at a characteristic frequency is modulated with an information signal. The all-optical modulator includes a nonlinear medium(12) that cross-phase-modulates the carrier light beam with the multiplexed signal light beam, and frequency-multiplexes the information signal in the signal light beam on the carrier light beam to generate an optical frequency division multiplexed signal. The all-optical modulator includes a monitoring control unit(15) that controls a polarization control unit(19) that controls a polarization state of the signal light beam in a direction in which an intensity of a modulation component takes a maximum value, based on the intensity of the modulation component involved in a modulation signal at a desired characteristic frequency of the optical frequency division multiplexed signal.
