A super-large scale photon capture bioreactor for water purification and aquaculture, includes a sealable three-dimensional room. Water ditches (2) are constructed in a circuitous way at each planar layer inside the three-dimensional room. The water ditches (2) in a same planar layer includes a water inlet (12) and water outlet (13). A plurality of filter units (4) are formed at intervals in water ditches (2) at each layer. Float-planted plants (5) are provided on water surface of each filter unit, aquatic animals (6) and microorganisms (7) are provided underwater, and plant growth illustrating lights (8) are arranged above the float-planted plants (5) at an adjustable height. A vane wheel (15) is arranged under a water outlet (13) of the water ditches (2) in an upper layer and is connected with the generator (16). A water inlet (12) of the water ditches (2) in a next layer is arranged under the vane wheel (15). Water to be purified is guided to a water inlet (12) at an uppermost layer. The photon capture bioreactor is characterized in low energy consumption, less occupied area, no pollution and clean production.
