The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising Raf kinase inhibitor protein (RKIP), or a fragment or a variant thereof or an RKIP agonist for use in the treatment or prophylaxis of a low transvalvular pressure gradient (Pmean) in a patient. The present invention further relates to a method of treatment of a patient in need thereof, said method comprising administering to said patient a medically active amount of a compound selected from the group consisting of: a Raf kinase inhibitor protein (RKIP) or a functional fragment or a functional variant thereof and a RKIP agonist, wherein said patient suffers from or is likely to suffer from a low transvalvular pressure gradient (Pmean). The present invention further relates to A pharmaceutical composition comprising an antagonist of CD20 and/or an anti-CD20 molecule a VEGF antagonist or an inhibitor of VEGF related tyrosine kinases for use in the treatment or prophylaxis of a heart failure. The present invention further relates to a corresponding method of treatment.
