Provided are a dental treatment planning apparatus and method using image matching. The dental treatment planning apparatus includes a two-dimensional image photographing unit configured to generate a two-dimensional medical image by photographing a head of a person being treated, a three-dimensional image photographing unit configured to generate a three-dimensional medical image by photographing teeth of the person being treated, an image converting unit configured to generate a converted image by photographing the three-dimensional medical image under a photographing condition of the two-dimensional medical image, and an image matching unit configured to generate a matched image by matching the converted image to one region of the two-dimensional medical image.
