To provide a handpiece-type high frequency vibration cutting apparatus capable of suppressing alteration in or injury of a biological tissue at a resection site or a peripheral part thereof, while improving resection efficiency of a hard biological tissue.SOLUTION: A spindle 11 is reciprocated in an axial direction thereof, and an object is cut by a tool 12 provided at a tip end of the spindle 11 by being rotatingly driven about the axis line thereof. The vibration frequency f of the spindle 11 is controlled within a range of 20-60 [kHz], and a rotary speed v of the spindle 11 by an electric motor 22 (a rotary drive device) is suppressed within a range of 50-1000 [rpm].SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1