Portable traction splints and methods of use in applying traction to an injured patient's limb, or limbs, are disclosed. The disclosed traction splints may be extendable from a collapsed configuration adapted for transportation and storage towards an extended configuration adapted for applying traction to an injured patient, using telescoping members. One or more straps may be provided for securing the traction splint to the patient. One or more of such straps may include a tourniquet portion and/or may be configured to be oriented in different directions relative to the telescoping members. The disclosed traction splints may include a traction mechanism configured to utilize a mechanical advantage in applying traction to the patient's limb. Such traction mechanisms may have a traction cord path that utilizes the same hardware as an adjustment mechanism configured to allow or prevent one of the telescoping members from moving with respect to another.
