This document describes the assessment of human physiological systems in a manner that can be applied throughout the population. Various noninvasive sensors (including wearable, passive contact, and noncontact) can be used to detect vitals and other parameters and combined with mathematical models to assess the functional state of physiological systems. For example, the health of the cardiovascular system is ultimately determined by organ blood perfusion and molecular gas exchange. In lieu of measuring these functional metrics directly, invasive sensors can be used to monitor cardiac pressures and volumes, along with pressure transit through the vascular to quantify cardiovascular health. While known to be effective these invasive techniques often require surgery and are resource intensive limiting their use to the few cases where the risks and costs are of clear immediate benefit. In contrast, noninvasive health monitors present little if any risk to the person and are simple and easy for the person to use. Further, the techniques described herein can determine trends in a person's cardiovascular health. With these trends, a person can know if the effort they are expending to improve their heart health is actually making a difference. Further, negative trends can be found that can spur people to improve their health or to get medical attention. By so doing, these techniques may reduce mortality.
