Provided are an illumination device and a plant cultivation apparatus capable of irradiating light, which has been reflected at the surface of a cultivating tray on which plants are cultivated, back toward said cultivating tray with high efficiency. The illumination device (10) comprises: multiple light sources (11)； a frame (12) provided with transparent windows for holding multiple light sources (11) and for emitting the light emitted by the multiple light sources (11)； and a reflection member installed so as to cover the windows to reflect light from outside the frame (12) and in which multiple holes (13) for respectively emitting the light emitted by each light source (11) are formed.
