Disclosed is a surgical instrument (50, 50A) with an interlocking function, the surgical instrument comprising an end actuator (10), an elongated body (20) and a handle portion (30). Two ends of the elongated body (20) are respectively connected to the end actuator (10) and the handle portion (30). The handle portion (30) comprises: a handle housing (301, 401)； a rotary head (350, 450), the rotary head (350, 450) being arranged at a distal end of the handle portion (30) and being able to reciprocate along the lengthwise direction of the elongated body (20)； and a locking assembly (370, 470), comprising at least one sliding tooth (371, 471) and locking tooth (372, 472), wherein the sliding tooth (371, 471) is arranged between the rotary head (350, 450) and the handle housing (301, 401), is axially fixed with the rotary head (350, 450), and can reciprocate with the rotary head (350, 450) so as to selectively cooperate with the locking tooth (372, 472), and the sliding tooth (371, 471) is circumferentially locked with the handle portion (30), and the locking tooth (372, 472) is fixedly mounted at a proximal end of the elongated body (20). The structural stability and work stability between various components are relatively high, thus the safety performance of the surgical instrument can be improved.L'invention concerne un instrument chirurgical (50, 50A) ayant une fonction d'interverrouillage, l'instrument chirurgical comprenant un actionneur d'extrémité (10), un corps allongé (20) et une partie poignée (30). Les deux extrémités du corps allongé (20) sont respectivement reliées à l'actionneur d'extrémité (10) et à la partie poignée (30). La partie poignée (30) comprend : un boîtier de poignée (301, 401) ； une tête rotative (350, 450), la tête rotative (350, 450) étant disposée au niveau d'une extrémité distale de la partie poignée (30) et pouvant effectuer un mouvement de va-et-vient le long de la direction longitudinale du corps allongé (20) ； et un ensemble de verrou
