The present invention relates to the cosmetic use of an effective amount of at least one active agent consisting of a polypeptide having at least 80% amino acid identity with a metalloproteinase MMP-12 of sequence chosen from SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 2 and SEQ ID NO: 3, or a C-terminal fragment of said polypeptide, for preventing and/or treating dandruff conditions of the scalp, said polypeptide or said fragment comprising the sequence KDXK, in which X represents aspartic acid or glutamic acid.
