Disclosed is a biodegradable polymer whose physical properties are improved by the presence of a stereocomplex organic filler. According to exemplary embodiments, the biodegradable polymer including a stereocomplex organic filler can find application in various fields, including biodegradable materials and medical materials, where conventional biodegradable polymers are difficult to use due to their inherent problems such as poor heat resistance and low strength. Also disclosed is a method for producing the biodegradable polymer.