Provided herein are methods for predicting a likelihood of responsiveness to treatment with a folate receptor alpha (FRA)-targeting agent in a patient having a FRA-expressing lung cancer. Also provided are methods for treating a FRA-expressing lung cancer in a patient with a FRA-targeting agent. The methods involve quantifying or determining the patient's FRA expression level in a biological sample and comparing the patient's FRA expression level to a reference standard used to quantify FRA expression level, wherein the patient is likely to respond to treatment with the FRA-targeting agent if the patient's FRA expression level equals or exceeds the reference FRA expression level. Further provided are related kits for prediction of response and treatment of the identified population of FRA-expressing lung cancer patients.
