An antenna 106, an implant device 102, a method of designing or making or operating an antenna, comprises: a magnetic field portion 710 (e.g. a loop) and an electric field portion 708 (e.g. a monopole or dipole), where the said portions generate at least one of a transverse electric wave and a transverse magnetic wave which is/are transmitted through a waveguide formed of human or animal tissue. The antenna 106 is arranged to optimize at least one of the efficiency of the antenna and the far-field gain of the antenna, when in use. The electric field portion 708 may be connected to the magnetic field portion 710, at a predetermined location, so as to minimise current reflection to the magnetic field portion 710 and to reduce any phase difference between the electric and magnetic fields generated, when in use. The antenna 106 may be made of at least one of titanium, copper, platinum and indium and it may involve laser cutting, stamping or other forms of direct structuring. The magnetic portion 710 may include a capacitive gap to lower it resonant frequency. The antenna 106 may be connected to a medical implant device 102 which includes circuitry for matching701, tuning and controlling 704 the wireless signals of the antenna 106.
