A coating product composition has the general formula AOx-(L-Men+)i, wherein AOx is a metal or metalloid oxide in which x indicates the number of the Oxygen atom(s) (O) bonded to the metal (A) atom, Men+ is a metal ion, L is a bifunctional molecule that could bind both metal oxide or metalloid oxide (AOx) and the metal ion (Men+), i is the number of the (L-Men+) groups bound to the metal oxide AOx. The value of the parameter i depends on various factors, such as the size of the nanoparticle of AOx, and the nature of the molecule L.
