A non-invasive method of estimating intra-cranial pressure (ICP). The method including the steps of: a. non-invasively measuring pressure pulses in an upper body artery b. determining central aortic pressure (CAP) pulses that correspond to these measured pressure pulses c. identifying features of the ICP wave which denote cardiac ejection and wave reflection from the cranium, including Ejection Duration (ED) and Augmentation Index of Pressure (PAIx) d. non-invasively measuring flow pulses in a central artery which supplies blood to the brain within the cranium e. identifying features of the measured cerebral flow waves which denote cardiac ejection and wave reflection from the cranium as Flow Augmentation Index (FAIx) f. calculating an ICP flow augmentation index from the measured central flow pulses g. comparing the calculated ICP pressure augmentation index (PAIx) and flow augmentation index (FAIx) to measure (gender-specific) pressure and flow augmentation data indicative of a measured ICP to thereby estimate actual ICP and h. noting any disparity between ED measured for pressure waves and ED measured for flow.
