The present invention relates to a biomedical implant for use in a fluid shear stress environment of a subject. The biomedical implant of the present invention includes a patterned surface having a plurality of cellular niches. The cellular niches of the patterned surface are effective to maintain at least one localized layer of living cells within the plurality of cellular niches by decreasing fluid shear stress within the cellular niches as compared to fluid shear stress measured outside of the cellular niches, with the fluid shear stress measured outside of the cellular niches having a peak fluid shear stress of at least about 50 dynes per square centimeter (dynes/cm2). The present invention also relates to methods of making and using the biomedical implant. The present invention further relates to a biomedical implant system.
