PURPOSE: A composition containing 10-hydroxycamptothecin for preventing and treating obesity or lipid-related metabolic diseases is provided to effectively suppress adipocyte differentiation. CONSTITUTION: A pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating obesity or lipid-related metabolic diseases contains 10-hydroxycamptothecin as an active ingredient. The metabolic diseases are selected among diabetes, hyperlipidemia, fatty liver, arteriosclerosis, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, and metabolic syndrome. Deoxyshikonin and 10-hydroxycamptothecin suppress adipocyte differentiation. A health food for preventing obesity or lipid-related metabolic diseases and alleviating symptoms thereof contains 10-hydroxycamptothecin as an active ingredient. [Reference numerals] (AA) Neutral lipid (absorbance); (BB) Normal; (CC) Control group; (DD) 10-hydroxycamptothecin본 발명은 10-히드록시캄토테신(10-Hydroxycamptothecin)을 유효성분으로 함유하는 비만 또는 지질 관련 대사성 질환의 예방 및 치료용 약학적 조성물과 건강기능식품에 관한 것으로 본 발명에 따른 10-히드록시캄토테신은 지방세포분화 저해 효과가 우수하므로, 이를 유효성분으로 함유하는 비만 또는 지질 관련 대사성 질환의 예방 및 치료용 약학적 조성물과 건강기능식품으로 사용할 수 있다.