The present invention relates to a method for selecting an immunomodulatory kit, selected for an individual patient, for use in the treatment of patients suffering from myeloid leukemias. Different kits are available for selection and ex vivo testing which are composed of substances that have different immunomodulatory effects on leukemia cells. Each kit particularly contains GM-CSF and one (or two) more substances, selected from PICIBANIL, PGE1, PGE2, CALCIMYCIN and TNFα, as well as pharmaceutically acceptable adjuvants. The clinical aim is to modify, once the individually selected immunomodulatory kits were administered, blast cells in the body of the patient such that they turn into a “vaccine” which is able to activate the immunoreactive cells (of the patient or of the stem cell donor) in the body against blast cells.
