Disclosed is an oxygen-free or substantially oxygen-free delivery vehicle comprising: a faecal microbiota selected from a transplantable entire or substantially entire faecal microbiota a transplantable treated or untreated faecal flora a transplantable complete or partial faecal flora, a transplantable faecal flora substantially or completely purified of non-faecal floral faecal material, a transplantable entire or substantially entire cultured microbiota or a transplantable partially, substantially or completely isolated or purified faecal flora, made by a process comprising: (i) providing an entire or substantially entire faecal microbiota, a treated or untreated faecal flora sample, a complete or partial faecal flora sample, a faecal flora substantially or completely purified of non-faecal floral faecal material, an entire or substantially entire cultured microbiota, or a partially, substantially or completely isolated or purified faecal flora and a delivery vehicle, and (ii) placing the entire or substantially entire faecal microbiota, the treated or untreated faecal flora sample, the complete or partial faecal flora sample, the faecal flora substantially or completely purified of non-faecal floral faecal material, the entire or substantially entire cultured microbiota, or the partially, substantially or completely isolated or purified faecal flora in the delivery vehicle, wherein a stabilising agent, trehalose, or a glycerol is added to, or mixed into, the entire or substantially entire faecal microbiota, the treated or untreated faecal flora sample, the complete or partial faecal flora sample, the faecal flora substantially or completely purified of non-faecal floral faecal material, the entire or substantially entire cultured microbiota, or the partially substantially or completely isolated or purified faecal flora and (iii) creating or maintaining a substantially or completely oxygen-free environment in the delivery vehicle by using or adding an oxygen scav
