IMPLANTS FOR REPLACING A “CARRYING LOAD” OF BONES WITH HIERARCHICALLY ORGANIZED ARCHITECTURE OBTAINED BY MEANS OF TRANSFORMATION OF VEGETABLE STRUCTURES
1. A bone substitute comprising a core based on hydroxyapatite (HAP) obtained from at least one type of porous wood or based on collagen and hydroxyapatite fibers, and a shell based on hydroxyapatite (HAP) or silicon carbide (SiC), said shell being obtained from at least one type of wood having a lower porosity than at least one type of wood for the core, and having a porosity of from 20% to 60%. 2. The bone substitute according to claim 1, wherein said at least one type of porous wood has a total porosity of 60% to 95%, preferably 65% to 85%. The bone substitute according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said at least one type of porous wood is rattan, pine, abacha and cork. The bone substitute according to claim 1, where the specified at least one type of wood for the shell has a porosity of from 30% to 50%. The bone substitute according to claim 1, where the specified at least one type of wood for the shell is a sipo, oak, rosewood and kempas. The bone substitute according to claim 1, where the specified core based on hydroxyapatite obtained from at least one type of porous wood, includes hydroxyapatite, partially replaced by ions that contribute to the stimulation of bone restoration processes, preferably ions of carbonate, magnesium, silicon and / or strontium, more preferably carbonate ions, or a two-phase mixture comprising ion-substituted hydroxyapatite and β-tricalcium phosphate (beta-TCP, Ca (PO)). The bone substitute according to claim 1, wherein said core based on collagen and hydroxyapatite fibers includes collagen fibers mineralized by hydroxyapatite, partially substituted�1. Заменитель кости, включающий сердечник на основе гидроксиапатита (ГАП), полученный по меньшей мере из одного вида пористой древесины или на основе волокон коллагена и гидроксиапатита, и оболочку на основе гидроксиапатита (ГАП) или карбида кремния (SiC), причем указанная оболочка получена по меньшей мере из одного вида древесины, имеющей более низкую пористость, чем по меньшей мере один ви
