The invention relates to a bubble column-type bioreactor for carrying out the cultivation of vegetable cells in a suspension in aseptic conditions, the design characteristics of which also permit the recovery of the culture medium, the substitution thereof for another culture medium, and the reusing of the remaining biomass therein for a subsequent cultivation process. The bioreactor comprises three main parts - a body, a cover and a support - which are to be assembled, sterilised and connected to an oil-free, sterile air line every minute for the functioning thereof.