The present invention provides highly porous, biocompatible and biostable scaffolds for improving overall cell engraftment. These scaffolds can provide mechanical protection to implanted cells, afford retrievability from a patient, and allow for both intra-device vascularization and a means to spatially distribute the cells within the device. The scaffold surface may be modified with one or more different adhesion proteins and optionally other biological factors for enhanced cell adherence and viability.本發明提供一種用於改良整體細胞植入之高度多孔、生物相容且生物穩定之支架。此等支架可為植入細胞提供機械性保護,提供自病患之可回收性,及容許裝置內之血管形成及使細胞空間分佈於該裝置內之構件。該支架表面可經過一或多種不同黏附性蛋白及視需要選用之其他生物因子改質,以增強細胞黏附性及存活率。(無元件符號說明)