Devices and methods for measuring a refractive value of an eye are described. A device includes a wavefront sensor that includes an infrared light source, an array of lenses, and an image sensor. The wavefront sensor is configured to transmit infrared light from the infrared light source toward the eye, transmit light reflected from the eye through the array of lenses, and collect, with the image sensor, an image of the light transmitted through the array of lenses. The wavefront sensor also includes a target, and a beam splitter configured to reflect visible light from the target toward the eye and transmit infrared light from the eye； or transmit the visible light from the target toward the eye and reflect the infrared light from the eye. The target is positioned away from a conjugate focal plane.
