The present invention provides a non-solvent dental adhesive composition exhibiting high initial bond strength and high bond durability to a tooth structure (wet matter) and a high dentin cohesive failure rate on a tooth structure (wet matter) and being substantially free of water and an organic solvent. The present invention relates to a non-solvent dental adhesive composition comprising: an acid group-containing polymerizable monomer (A); a hydrophobic polymerizable monomer (B) having no acid group; and a water-soluble photopolymerization initiator (C) having a solubility of 10 g/L or more in water at 25°C.