A mobile X-ray apparatus for controlling an operation of a protection circuit for a lithium ion battery and an operating method thereof are disclosed. The mobile X-ray apparatus includes an X-ray emitting unit, a control unit for controlling the X-ray emitting unit, and a power source unit including a lithium ion battery for supplying operation power to the X-ray emitting unit and the control unit and a battery management system for controlling the operation of a protection circuit for the lithium ion battery.리튬 이온 배터리에 대한 보호 회로의 동작을 제어하는 모바일 엑스선 장치 및 그 동작 방법을 나타낸다.