A dialysate regeneration system for removing contaminants from spent dialysate according to this invention includes a dialysate circulation flow path including a pump that pumps spent dialysate through the dialysate circulation flow path, a first cartridge adapted to remove contaminants from the spent dialysate, including a first cleaning solution inlet and a first cleaning solution outlet, a second cartridge adapted to remove urea from the spent dialysate, the second cartridge including semi-permeable hollow fibers adapted for transport of urea across the walls of the semi-permeable hollow fibers and adapted to retain at least calcium, magnesium, and sodium ions in the spent dialysate, and including a second cleaning solution inlet and a second cleaning solution outlet. Ancillary to the two cartridges, the dialysate regeneration system further includes a first dialysate cleaning flow path including a pump that pumps first cleaning solution from the first cleaning solution outlet of the first cartridge through a first cleaning stage to the first cleaning solution inlet of the first cartridge, and a second dialysate cleaning flow path including a pump that pumps second cleaning solution from the second cleaning solution outlet of the second cartridge through a second cleaning stage to the second cleaning solution inlet of the second cartridge.消費透析物から汚染物質を除去するための本発明の透析物再生システムは、ポンプ(130)、消費透析物から汚染物質を除去するために適合された第1のカートリッジ(140)、消費透析物から尿素を除去するために適合された第2のカートリッジ(150)を含む透析物循環流路を含み、該ポンプは、透析物循環流路を通して消費透析物をポンプ輸送し、該第1のカートリッジは、第1の洗浄ステージ(240)を含む第1の洗浄溶液流路に連結され、該第2のカートリッジは、半透過性中空繊維の壁を通過した尿素の輸送のために適合され、かつ消費透析物中に少なくともカルシウム、マグネシウムおよびナトリウムのイオンを保持するために適合された半透過性中空繊維を含み、第2の洗浄ステージ(340)を含む第2の洗浄溶液流路に連結される。
