The present application discloses a method, using monoclonal antibodies or alternative fluorophore biomarkers, in combination with near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging, for assessment of the bacterial contamination and infection of an acute or chronic wound for prescribing medical treatments. The method includes applying a detection reagent containing at least one type of monoclonal antibody bonded to a fluorophore, wherein the monoclonal antibody binds to a unique receptor site of a bacteria in the wound and the monoclonal antibody is detected by a NIRF imaging system. The fluorescence signal of the wound is used to determine the concentration of bacteria in colony forming units (CFUs) to assess whether the wound needs further treatment or is ready for closure.
