The invention relates to a composition containing adapalene and dispersed benzoyl peroxide to be used in a non-rinse topical application and in the form of a mousse, comprising: at least one intermediate composition; at least one gas-generating agent; at least one agent activating the gas-generating agent; adapalene or one of its salts; and benzoyl peroxide. The invention also relates to a kit or single container with a plurality of compartments containing this composition.