Disclosed is a plant cultivation system provided with a light source whereby cultivation environment is artificially controlled and both of growth and monitoring can be carried out. The plant cultivation system (1) for cultivating plants comprises a cultivation cell (3) which is a partitioned space and a management unit (5) for managing the plant cultivation, wherein said cultivation cell (3) is provided with a cultivation rack (7) as a movable rack and a light shielding part, said cultivation rack (7) is provided with a cultivation shelf (9) and a light controlling part, and said cultivation shelf is provided with a light source, whereby plants are irradiated with light while controlling the irradiation dose of a light-emitting module comprising a plurality of light-emitting diodes, and a monitoring means, whereby the plants are monitored under the irradiation of the light from the light-emitting module to acquire monitor data and then the data are sent to the management unit. The light-emitting module comprises a first light-emitting diode, a second light-emitting diode and a third light-emitting diode that are each positioned so as to ensure uniform irradiation, and the management means is provided with a calculation means whereby the present monitor data are compared with the past monitor data and thus the harvest day of the plants is estimated.
