A method for the regeneration of a blood vessel, comprising the steps of: (a) administering erythropoietinto a subject; (b) collecting a peripheral blood mononuclear cell from the subject;and (c) administering the collected peripheral blood mononuclear cell to a desiredsite in the subject. When erythropoietin is administered to a subject, a peripheralblood mononuclear cell (particularly a CD34-positive one) is recruited intothe peripheral blood of the subject. The method is useful for the treatment ofan ischemic disease such as peripheral vascular disorder.