Provided is an enema for rectal application containing budesonide as an active ingredient in order to treat inflammatory bowel disease, or to prevent a relapse. The enema for rectal application containing budesonide as the active ingredient, in which 1.5 to 2.5 mg of budesonide per dose is administered twice a day for 6 weeks in order to treat inflammatory bowel disease, or to prevent a relapse； the enema for rectal application described above, in which a dose of budesonide is 2.0 mg per dose； the enema for rectal application according to any one of the above, which is taken in order to treat ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease, or to prevent a relapse； the enema for rectal application according to any one of the above, which has a foamy shape or a liquid shape.
