Disclosed are prenatal and lactation supplements for pregnant women and lactating women, which include a combination of RRR-alpha-tocopherol, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), trans-lutein, phospholipids, and at least one nuclear receptor activating ligand other than RRR-alpha-tocopherol, DHA, and trans-lutein. The supplements may enhance central nervous system development in a fetus or breast-feeding newborn infant.