PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a prolyl oligopeptidase (POP) inhibitor which uses as an active ingredient a peptide with high inhibition activity against the prolyl oligopeptidase (POP) derived from a native protein, and to provide a cerebral function improving agent, central nervous system functional improving agent, or swallowing function improving agent.SOLUTION: The invention provides a prolyl oligopeptidase inhibitor containing, as an active ingredient, any one or more kinds of peptides selected from the group constituted by the peptides consisting of an amino acid sequence represented by the sequence ID No.:1-12 and a cerebral function improving agent, central nervous system functional improving agent, or swallowing function improving agent.SELECTED DRAWING: NoneCOPYRIGHT: (C)2016,JPO&INPIT【課題】天然タンパク質由来のプロリルオリゴペプチダーゼ(POP)に対する阻害活性が高いペプチドを有効成分として用いるプロリルオリゴペプチダーゼ(POP)阻害剤、及び、脳機能改善剤、中枢神経系機能改善剤、又は嚥下機能改善剤を提供すること。【解決手段】 配列番号1~12で示されるアミノ酸配列からなるペプチドによって構成される群から選択されるいずれか1種又は2種以上のペプチドを有効成分として含有するプロリルオリゴペプチダーゼ阻害剤、及び、脳機能改善剤、中枢神経系機能改善剤、又は嚥下機能改善剤。【選択図】なし